Claims on behalf of children—an introduction

Produced in partnership with William Dean of 9 Gough Chambers
Practice notes

Claims on behalf of children—an introduction

Produced in partnership with William Dean of 9 Gough Chambers

Practice notes
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A child is any person under the age of 18.

There are important procedural issues that practitioners must consider in claims involving children. CPR 21 contain the main provisions.

If a child is involved in a claim they will usually be the claimant bringing the claim but claims may occasionally be brought against children.

Litigation friends

Requirement for a litigation friend

In civil proceedings a child must have a litigation friend to conduct the proceedings on their behalf (unless the court directs otherwise).

The only steps that can be taken (without the court’s permission) before the child has a litigation friend are:

  1. •

    issuing and serving a Claim form

  2. •

    applying for the appointment of a litigation friend

Unless the court orders otherwise, a person may not, without the permission of the court, make an application against a child before proceedings have started, or take any step in proceedings except issuing and serving a claim form or applying for the appointment of a litigation friend, until a litigation friend has been appointed.

William Dean
William Dean

Barrister, 9 Gough Chambers


William Dean is a barrister and mediator who practises from 9 Gough Chambers in London. He has a mixed practice, focussing on matters involving personal injury, civil litigation, family work and regulatory and criminal cases; and he acts for individuals, businesses, government departments/agencies and others.
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He writes for the Butterworths Personal Injury Litigation Service, edits the Landlord and Tenant Reports and is a contributor to Criminal Injuries Compensation Claims (2nd edition), the APIL Guide to RTA Liability (3rd edition) and Clinical Negligence Claims (3rd and 4th editions). He is a regular speaker on topics related to his work. He is an examiner for the Diploma in Forensic Medical Sciences.

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Jurisdiction(s):
United Kingdom
Key definition:
Litigation friend definition
What does Litigation friend mean?

A person who acts on behalf of a minor or protected party during legal proceedings.

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