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VAT definition

Debt for equity swaps

Debt for equity swapsA popular restructuring method is a debt for equity swap; financial creditors receive equity in the restructured vehicle in return for reducing or cancelling their debt claims against the company (and the rest of the group).Many highly levered deals have thin equity cushions and

Negligence—when is the duty of care breached?

Negligence—when is the duty of care breached?Having established that a duty of care exists (see Practice Note: Negligence—when does a duty of care arise?), it is then necessary to consider whether or not there has been a breach of that duty. This will depend on a number of factors outlined below and

A chargor (an individual) is granting a legal charge to a chargee (a company). Can an employee of the

There does not appear to be any evidence that an employee of the chargee cannot witness the chargor’s signature.Practice Note: Property deeds—use and execution of deeds in property transactions, provides guidance on who may witness the signature of a deed by an individual:‘There are certain