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Costs and the ‘without prejudice’ rule

Costs and the ‘without prejudice’ ruleCosts determination and the ‘without prejudice’ ruleAn issue for practitioners is whether correspondence marked ‘without prejudice’ can be used against a party when the court comes to determine the issue of costs. The Court of Appeal in Walker v Wilsher (1889)

Transferred malice

Transferred maliceThe principle of transferred maliceIf a person has a malicious intent towards X and, in carrying out that intent, injures Y, he is guilty of an offence. So, if D shoots at A with intent to kill him but kills B by mistake it is murder; the mistake as to the identity of the victim is

VAT definition

How are the post-employment notice pay (PENP) provisions applied in circumstances where the employee is

How are the post-employment notice pay (PENP) provisions applied in circumstances where the employee is (a) on long-term sickness absence and has exhausted his entitlement to sick pay, or (b) has been dismissed summarily without notice?The amendments to sections 402 to 404 of the Income Tax