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Transferred malice

Transferred maliceThe principle of transferred maliceIf a person has a malicious intent towards X and, in carrying out that intent, injures Y, he is guilty of an offence. So, if D shoots at A with intent to kill him but kills B by mistake it is murder; the mistake as to the identity of the victim is

VAT definition

Debt for equity swaps

Debt for equity swapsA popular restructuring method is a debt for equity swap; financial creditors receive equity in the restructured vehicle in return for reducing or cancelling their debt claims against the company (and the rest of the group).Many highly levered deals have thin equity cushions and

Resulting trusts

Resulting trusts represent one of the three types of trust which do not require to be declared or evidenced in writing. The others are constructive and implied trusts, although it is perhaps doubtful whether there is any form of implied trust which is not in fact either a resulting trust or a