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This Practice Note examines the two different statutory definitions of 'Redundancy'.

The first is found in the Employment Rights Act 1996 (ERA 1996). Whether or not it is satisfied determines:

1. •

   whether an employee may be entitled to a statutory Redundancy payment (see Practice Note: Entitlement to statutory redundancy payment)

2. •

   whether, in the context of an Unfair dismissal claim, the reason for Dismissal is redundancy (which is one of the potentially fair reasons for dismissal—see Practice Note: Reason for dismissal—redundancy)

For further information regarding this first definition, see: Redundancy payment entitlement, and fair reason for dismissal, below.

The second statutory definition is found in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 (TULR(C)A 1992), and is relevant in collective redundancy situations. This definition must be satisfied (as well as other criteria) before the obligation to inform and consult appropriate representatives will arise (see Practice Note: Collective redundancy—the triggers for the statutory consultation obligations).

For further information regarding this second definition, see: Definition of redundancy for collective redundancy consultation, below.

In many redundancy situations, whether