Reference Definition

GLOSSARY

Published by a ��Ӱ�� Employment expert

What does Reference mean?

A letter from a former employer to a prospective employer which provides information about an employee's employment with the former employee.

References are often given by former employers to assist ex-employees to obtain work with another employer. The Reference could be brief and simply state the dates of employment of the employee, or be more detailed and give information about the employee's role, performance and character. Recent case law about the potential liability around comments in references has seen most organisations keep their references to a standard factual format and to include waivers of claims or liabilities by any prospective employer who relies on the reference.

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�Ѿ��پ��پ��ǲ�—c��𳦰�� How a sentence is reached When determining a sentence, a court will usually consider any statutory sentencing range, the applicable Sentencing Council (SC) guidelines including any offence specific sentencing guideline, the overarching guidelines and sentencing judgments from the Court of Appeal. The SC’s offence specific guidelines or the general guideline set out a stepped approach which the court must follow. See Practice Notes: Sentences imposed following conviction and Sentencing Council General Guideline—Overarching Principles. Generally, in sentencing exercises the court will need to consider the following: • the relevant starting point in the Sentencing Guidelines • the aggravating factors of the offence • the mitigation and personal circumstances of the defendant • any reduction in sentence for a guilty plea • whether the offender is dangerous and if there is a significant risk of harm through the commission of further specified offences • any ancillary orders that are appropriate • the totality of the sentence to ensure it is proportionate to the offending behaviour Mitigation The...

Sentencing Guidelines for Corporate offenders—Money laundering checklist

Sentencing Guidelines for Corporate offenders—Money laundering checklist This Checklist summarises the Sentencing Council’s guidelines for money laundering offences committed by a corporate (Money Laundering Guidelines). The Money Laundering Guidelines can be accessed here: • Magistrates’ Court Sentencing Guideline—Corporate offenders: fraud, bribery and money laundering—for use in cases involving corporates being sentenced in the magistrates’ court • Crown Court Sentencing Guideline—Corporate offenders: fraud, bribery and money laundering—for use in cases involving corporates being sentenced in the Crown Court The Sentencing Council also publishes a number of overarching guidelines, which should be considered in respect of all sentencing exercises. These include: • Totality guideline (Crown Court) • Totality guideline (magistrates’ court) • General guideline—overarching principles (Crown Court) • General guideline—overarching principles (magistrates’ court) • Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea (Crown Court) • Reduction in sentence for a guilty plea (magistrates’ court) For more information, see Practice Note: Sentences imposed following conviction. Among these overarching guidelines, the General guideline: overarching principles (the General guideline) is specifically designed...

Procurement process—flowchart—worked example

Procurement process—flowchart—worked example This Procurement process flowchart shows the order in which a procurement may take place, together with the elements to be considered to ensure that a transparent and suitable procurement process is followed. It also identifies Precedents available to assist you with the procurement process. This Flowchart is a worked example and is not intended to be definitive. Different organisations may well have very different processes, but it provides a good starting or reference point. The contract value figures have been included for illustrative purposes only. This Flowchart should be read in conjunction with Practice Note: Procurement risk management guide which identifies five key risk management priorities for in-house lawyers supporting the procurement process. See also Precedent: Procurement policy—internal. Note 1 When deciding whether or not you can use a supplier who has previously supplied goods/services to another part of the organisation you should consider: • satisfaction with the supplier • uniformity or standardisation requirements • price efficiency/economies of scale • desirability of reducing reliance on one...

Marketing authorisations: EU decentralised procedure—flowchart

Marketing authorisations: EU decentralised procedure—flowchart No medicinal product may be placed on the market unless it has been approved. This Flowchart outlines the procedure for obtaining an approval known as a marketing authorisation (MA) through the EU decentralised procedure. The decentralised procedure is used to obtain MAs for medicinal products in more than one EU Member State in parallel. A medicine may only be authorised in individual Member States in parallel if it is not mandated to be authorised via the centralised procedure (ie products containing new active substances; products which constitute a significant therapeutic, scientific or technical innovation or products for which the granting of an EU authorisation would be in the interest of patients or animal health at EU level) and medicines that have not received an MA in any Member State already at the time a decentralised application is

References

STOP PRESS: The Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) has published draft guidance on keeping employment records and recruitment and selection which is open for consultation until 5 March 2024, and has also removed the employment practices code (first published in March 2022, and last updated in November 2011) and supplementary guidance from its employment information page. For more information, see Q&A: What is the status of the ICO employment practices code? and ICO removes employment practices code and related guidance from its Employment information guidance page, LNB News 15/12/2023 112. This Practice Note will be updated once the ICO draft guidance is finalised.This Practice Note outlines the issues that arise in relation to giving, or seeking, an employment reference (ie a reference concerning the employee’s employment history) in respect of an existing, former or prospective employee.The employer may also be asked to provide a financial reference for an employee, eg in relation to a mortgage application. Such a reference typically involves the provision of brief, factual details, such as dates of...

Local housing companies

Local housing companies Housing delivery Over a number of years the term local housing company (LHC) has had various meanings in the context of housing delivery vehicles. It was first used post Housing Act 1996 in the context of large scale voluntary transfer of urban estates to a company which had equal representation of the local housing authority (LHA), tenant and independent members and often attracted Government subsidy for example, from the then Estates Regeneration Challenge Fund (ERCF). See Practice Note: Housing stock transfer. The term LHC appeared again in the Housing Green Paper, 'Homes for the future: more affordable, more sustainable', in July 2007. The model on this occasion as envisaged by English Partnerships (subsequently the Homes and Communities Agency and now Homes England), involved a 50:50 long-term corporate joint venture between the LHA and a private sector partner established to develop local authority land. The term LHC today is used to describe independent arms-length commercial organisations wholly or partly owned by LHAs which develop, buy...

Discover our 7573 Practice Notes on Reference

Clauses—working time and hours of work

1 [ Working time—example 1 1.1 You agree that your average weekly working time may exceed 48 hours and accordingly you 'opt out' of the limit on working time set down by the Working Time Regulations 1998. You may elect to end this 'opt-out' at any time by giving us not less than [seven days' OR three months'] written notice. OR 2 Working time—example 2 2.1 [Your average weekly working time will be determined over [successive 17-week reference periods starting from [[insert date] OR the Commencement Date] OR standard...

Clauses—overseas assignment

1 Overseas assignment 1.1 You agree to be assigned to work for the Employer in [specify country or area in which the employer's operations are carried out] (the ‘Territory’) for [the period from [enter date] to [enter date] OR a period not exceeding [enter duration, eg ten weeks, three months, two years] from such date as the Employer may specify] (the ‘Assignment’). 1.2 During your Assignment, your duties will [consist of OR include acting as] [specify duties] in [enter location] and, at the end of your Assignment, the Employer will[ use its best endeavours to] find employment for you[ within its business] in a position and on terms no...

Dive into our 1738 Precedents related to Reference

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance?

What is motor vehicle or road traffic accident insurance? In the UK, motor insurance is a mandatory insurance policy for any vehicle owner or driver unless the vehicle is declared as off the road. There are heavy penalties, both civil and criminal, for uninsured drivers (who are caught). The mandatory insurance regime is intended to protect the general public (including pedestrians and other non-vehicle users) against personal injury and damage caused in a road traffic accident. Types of motor insurance policies The motor insurance market is split into three main types of insurance: third-party only; third-party fire and theft; and comprehensive policies: • third-party only policies provide the minimum level of cover required by the law, namely the Road Traffic Act 1988 (RTA 1988). RTA 1988 mandates that motor insurance must at the very least cover the risk of death, personal injury or property damage to third parties caused by the insured vehicle • third-party fire and theft provides third-party cover as described above but in addition...

Under section 2(1) of the draft Insurable Interest Bill, is there a need for a life insured at the outset of the Policy to be valid? Does section 2(5) allow for categories of lives being insured, even if there are not lives in these categories? Does section 2(5) apply to all life policies or group life policies?

Under section 2(1) of the draft Insurable Interest Bill, is there a need for a life insured at the outset of the Policy to be valid? Does section 2(5) allow for categories of lives being insured, even if there are not lives in these categories? Does section 2(5) apply to all life policies or group life policies? For the purposes of this Q&A, it has been assumed that the question is are referring to the Insurable Interest Bill dated June 2018. In conducting our research we have focussed on the Insurable Interest Bill dated June 2018. For this answer, we refer you to the following resources: • June 2018 Draft Insurable Interest Bill • June 2018 Accompanying notes to the draft Insurable Interest Bill Under section 2(1) of the draft Insurable Interest Bill, does there need to be a life insured at the outset of the Policy to be valid? Section 2(1) of the draft Insurable Interest Bill (the Bill) states: ‘A contract of life-related insurance is void unless at...

See the 2121 Q&As about Reference

UT refuses application for disclosure in judicial review proceedings (R on the application of Rettig Heating Group UK Ltd (in liquidation) v HMRC)

Tax analysis: In R on the application of Rettig Heating Group UK Limited (in liquidation), the Upper Tribunal (UT) considered an interlocutory application for disclosure made against HMRC in connection with ongoing judicial review proceedings. The UT refused the application on the basis that the required disclosure was not necessary to fairly and justly resolve the issues in dispute.

Weekly roundup of HMRC import, export and customs guidance—21 October 2024

Details of updates to HMRC import, export and customs guidance for the period from 15 to 21 October 2024.

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